Satu Apo
Helskinki: Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia, 1995.

Finnish fairy tales represent the northern branch of the Western European fairy-tale tradition. Although Finnish epic folklore and mythology have been objects of great research interest, Finnish fairy tales have been studied surprisingly little. This study answers not only methodological but also the most important empirical questions, such as: what are the themes, plots and characters which have been able to entertain both fairy-tale tellers and their listeners from one generation to the next? How can these contentual elements be understood and interpreted within the framework of traditional Finnish folk culture? /// The methodological issues dealt with here include the question of how to approach traditional folklore material recorded in the 1800s, of which there is an enormous amount but very little accompanying contextual information. In order to analyse the contents of the tales, this study suggests the use of several semantic levels of abstraction as well as the systematic analysis of variation; only then is it feasible to present macrocontextual, interpretive hypotheses in which narrative and cultural structures are examined side by side. FF Communications No. 256 published by the Finnish Academy of Science and Letters.

Martti Haavio
Helsinki: Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia, 1991.

Mythological study of the eternal sage of the Kalevala, exploring his role as culture hero, shaman, and primordial singer in Finnish epic tradition. FF Communications No. 144 published by the Finnish Academy of Science and Letters.